Group 106. Topic №14. Periodontal Disease (causes and symptoms).

Уважаемые студенты!

Найдите свою фамилию и выполните размещённое для вас задание. Будьте внимательны! Успехов всем!

Ахметова Д., Гармаш С., Гумбатова Айнура

Task#1. Read the text.

Task#2. Make up your own plan of retelling the text.

Task#3. Solve the case problem.

Periodontal Disease

According to the Oxford Concise Medical Dictionary, it is “a disease of the tissues that support and attach the teeth – the gums, periodontal membrane, and alveolar bone. It is caused by the metabolism of bacterial plaque on the surface of the teeth adjacent to these tissues. Periodontal disease includes gingivitis an the more advanced stage of periodontitis, which results in the formation of spaces between the gums and the teeth (periodontal pockets), the loss of some fibres that attach the tooth to the jaw, and the loss of bone. The disease is widespread and is the most common cause of tooth loss in older people. Poor oral hygiene is a major contributory factor, but the resistance of the patient also has some influence; for example, the reduced resistance of AIDS patients may predispose to periodontal disease.”

This disease, usually affecting people over 40, destroys the periodontal tissues and causes a gradual loosening of the teeth and their loss. As it has already been said, the disease has become a serious social problem due to its being widespread and to the treatment being comparatively ineffective. According to the World Health Organization (the WHO), almost 80 per cent of people in the world suffer one way or the other from this disease. The difficulty treating it is explained mainly by the fact that since there is no pain, an ‘alarm bell’, the patient tends to see the doctor, as a rule, when the disease has reached an advanced stage and when traditional surgical treatment is of little help.Some years ago the scientists of the Central Research Institute of Stomatology elaborated a new method which made it possible to combat the disease twice as successfully. The gist of this approach is that they progressed from treating the disease ‘locally’ to treating the entire human organism suffering from it.

A concept put forward by Russian specialists and supported by statistics suggests that the disease is caused by disturbing the organism’s homeostasis (dynamic equilibrium in the functioning of the organs and systems). Such a disturbance results in slowing down the metabolic processes in the periodontal tissues. Their resistance to damaging factors is also reduced.

This approach is based on a thorough all-round examination of the patient with the help of biochemical, microbiological, immunologic, and functional tests. These tests not only assess the severity of the pathologic process but also help to forecast its development. The methods of functional diagnosis are very important in choosing a course of treatment.

The Case Problem

Вы – студент-первокурсник Красноярского института стоматологии. В редакции газеты «Медик» Вас попросили взять интервью у врача-пародонтолога. Составьте вопросы, обдумайте и напишите ответы.

Белоусова Д., Гумбатова Айкун

Your tasks are:

Task#1. Read the text What Causes Periodontal Disease? p 41 in Berzegova’s textbook “English in Dentistry”.

Task#2. Write out unknown words and translate them.

Task#3. Summarise the text using all the following introductory expressions:

The text is about…

It is stressed that…

It is pointed that…

In conclusion it is said that

Иванова В., Истратов В., Чултумов Е.

Guys, your task is the following: Ex-s #4,#5 and #6 pp36-37 in Berzegova’s textbook “English in Dentistry”. You are to read the text and do two exercises.

Куулар А., Кулиева К.

Today your tasks will be:

Task#1. Read the abstract from the text Prophylaxis of Periodontitis on page 39 in Berzegova’s textbook “English in Dentistry”. You don’t need to read the last paragraph about five points of hygienic cleaning.

Task#2. Translate the questions at the beginning of each paragraph.

Task#3. Ask 3 special questions to this sentence -

When a bacterial deposit grows and reaches the gingival margin (a small cavity between tooth and gum) deeper periodontium layers get inflamed.

Begin with the words When, Where, Why, What.

Good luck!